Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
澳门六合彩官网直播
Kalamazoo MI 49008-5343 USA
(269) 276-3420

Bade Shrestha

Bade Shrestha
Professor, ASME Fellow
U.S. Fulbright Scholar
Office: (269) 276-3432
Location:
G 鈥 223 Floyd Hall, Mail Stop 5343
Mailing address:
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
澳门六合彩官网直播
1903 W Michigan Ave
Kalamazoo MI 49008-5343 USA
Bade Shrestha
Education:
  • Ph.D., Mechanical Engineering, University of Calgary
  • M.S., Mechanical Engineering, University of Calgary
  • M.S., Aeronautical Engineering (Mechanical), Riga Civil Aviation Engineers Institute
Bio:
Dr. Bade Shrestha is a professor in 澳门六合彩官网直播's Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering. Shrestha is a fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and a U.S. Fulbright Scholar. He served as an associate editor of ASME Transaction: Journal of Energy Resources Technology from 2010 through 2016. He is the recipient of the Mitsui Babcock Energy Award for the best fundamental scientific paper published in the Journal of Institute of Energy, London.

Research areas

  • Energy economics and policy
  • Alternative energy and hydrogen
  • Alternative fuel combustion
  • Advanced internal combustion engines
  • Fuel cells and lithium ion batteries
  • Renewable and sustainable energy development
  • Combustion, flammability limits, reacting flows
  • Scramjets

Director of laboratories

Research publications

  1. Rishya Shringhan Ravichandran and Bade Shrestha, 2024; 鈥淓ffects of Flow Channel on Performance on PEM Fuel Cell鈥 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Vol 11 Issue 10, pp 11-19, October 2024.
  2. Anilkumar Kosna and Bade Shrestha, 2024; 鈥淚nvestigation of Effects of Individual Gas Properties in Phase Change Property of Biogas鈥 International Journal of Engineering Research in Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IJERMCE), Vol.11, Issue 8, pp 19-24, August 2024.
  3. Hussein K. Mohammad, Viktor Kilchyk and Bade Shrestha, 2023; 鈥淭he effect of Flow Speed and Angle of Attack on the Aerodynamic Noise of NACA 0012 Airfoil鈥 Tikrit Journal of Pure Science, ISSN: 1813-1662, Vol 28, Issue 6, pp 42-50.
  4. Anilkumar Kosna and Bade Shrestha; 鈥淚nvestigation of Effects of Individual Gas Properties in Phase Change Property of Biogas鈥 presented at International Conference on Sustainable and Renewable Energy (ICSRE-24), Kathmandu, Nepal, on May 24-25, 2024.
  5. Hussein K. Mohammad, S. M. Jalil, Arz Y. Qwan Alden, Viktor Kilchyk and Bade Shrestha, 2023; 鈥淓xperimental and Numerical Investigation of Channeling Effects on Noise and Aerodynamic Performance of NACA 0012 Aero foil in Wind Turbine Applications.鈥 Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal, (RE&PQJ) ISSN 2172-038 X, Volume No.21, pp 373-380, July 2023.
  6. Rishya Shringhan Ravichandran and, Bade Shrestha, 鈥淒esign and Simulation of Flow Channel of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell鈥, Presented (virtually) at International Conference on Recent Innovations and Developments in Mechanical Engineering, Washington DC, on November 22, 2023
  7. Hussein K. Mohammad, S. M. Jalil, Arz Y. Qwan Alden, Viktor Kilchyk and Bade Shrestha; "Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Channeling effects on Noise and Aerodynamic Performances of NACA 0012 Airfoil in Wind Turbine Application" presented at 21st International Conference on Renewable Energies and Power Quality (ICREPQ 23), Madrid, Spain, May 24 -26, 2023.
  8. Hussein K. Mohammad, Latif Ibraheem, Viktor Kilchyk and Bade Shrestha, 2021, 鈥淓xperimental Investigation of Turbulence Effects on Aerodynamics Noise of Channeled NACA 0012 Airfoil鈥, ASME Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, vol 143, Issue 6.
  9. Hussein Mohammad, Saad Jalil, Arz Qwam Alden, Bade Shrestha; Technical Presentation: ES2021-60498 鈥 鈥淓xperimental and Numerical Investigation of Channeling Effects on Aerodynamics Performance of NACA 0012 Airfoil鈥 ASME ES 2021-15th International Conference on Energy and Sustainability, June 16-18, 2021 (Virtual).
  10. Hussein Mohammad, Latif Ibraheem, and Bade Shrestha, 2020, 鈥淓xperimental Investigation of Turbulence Effect on Aerodynamic Noise of Channeled NACA 0012 Airfoil鈥, ASME Power Conference :ICONE28-POWER2020, Anaheim, CA, August 3-6, 2020, (Virtual).
  11. Vaibhav S. Pujari and Bade Shrestha, 2020, 鈥淭ransition to Renewable Energy Generation to Mitigate Climate Change: Implication on Japanese Energy Policies鈥, International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy, Vol. 9, No. 3. May 2020.
  12. Vaibhav S. Pujari and Bade Shrestha, 2020, 鈥淭ransition to Renewable Energy Generation to Mitigate Climate Change: Implication on Japanese Energy Policies鈥, 10th International Conference on Renewable and Clean Energy (ICRCE 2020), Tokyo, Japan, June 19-21, 2020, (Virtual)
  13. Sazzad Hossain Ahmed, and S. O. Bade Shrestha, 2017, 鈥淭emperature Dependence of Double Layer Capacitance in Lithium-Ion Battery鈥, International Journal of Industrial Electronics and Electrical Engineering, ISSN(p):2347-6982, ISSN(e): 2349-204X, Vol. 5, Issue 10, Oct-2017.
  14. Sazzad Hossain Ahmed and S. O. Bade Shrestha, 2017, 鈥淭emperature Dependence of Double Layer Capacitance in Lithium-ion Battery鈥, 2017 IIER 250th International Conference on Recent Innovations in Engineering and Technology, Phuket, Thailand, August 9-10, 2017.
  15. Ryan J. Clark and S. O. Bade Shrestha, 2015, 鈥淒etonation Wave Stabilization in Scramjets鈥, AIAA Space 2015 Conference and Exposition, Pasadena, CA, Paper # AIAA-2015-4595, pp: 1-14, Aug. 31 鈥 Sept. 2, 2015.
  16. Sazzad Hossain Ahmed, Xiaosong Kang and S. O. Bade Shrestha, 2015, 鈥淓ffects of Temperature on Internal Resistances of Lithium-Ion Batteries鈥, ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol. 137, pp 031901-1-5.
  17. S. O. Bade Shrestha and Sujith Mohan, 2014, 鈥淧erformance Modeling of a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Fueled with Methanol and Ethanol鈥 ASME Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology, Vol. 11, pp 061009-1-7
  18. Ryan J. Clark and S. O. Bade Shrestha, 2014, 鈥淏oundary Layer Combustion for Skin Friction Drag Reduction in Scramjet Combustors鈥, AIAA Propulsion and Energy Forum and Exposition 2014, Cleveland, Ohio, Paper # AIAA-2014-3667, pp: 1-18, July 28-30, 2014.
  19. Sean Goudy, S. O. Bade Shrestha and Iskender Sahin, 2014, 鈥淭he Reactant Concentration Simulation at Catalyst Membrane Interface of a Micro PEM Fuel Cell鈥, Journal of the Institute of Engineering, Vol.  9, No. 1, pp: 1-17.
  20. Daniel Swain and S. O. Bade Shrestha, 2014, 鈥淐ombustion Modeling of Landfill Gas Fueled Spark Ignition Engine Performance鈥, SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants, Vol. 7, Issue 1, SAE Paper # 2014-01-1471, doi:10.4271/2014-01-1471.
  21. Sazzad Hossain Ahmed, Xiaosong Kang and S. O. Bade Shrestha, 2014, 鈥淓ffects of Temperature on Internal Resistances of Lithium-Ion Batteries鈥, ASME 2014 8th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and 12th Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology Conference, Paper # ES-FuelCell2014-6897,  June 30 鈥 July 2, 2014, Boston, MA.
  22. Sujith Mohan and S. O. Bade Shrestha, 2014, 鈥淧erformance Modeling of a DMFC Fueled with Methanol and Ethanol鈥,  Proceeding of the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, Paper # FuelCell2014-6445, June 30 鈥 July 2, 2014, Boston, MA.
  23. Daniel Swain and S. O. Bade Shrestha, 2014, 鈥淐FD Performance Analysis of a Spark Ignition Engine Fueled by Landfill Gas鈥, The Open fuels & Energy Science Journal, Vol. 7, pp: 26-33.
  24. Ryan J. Clark and S. O. Bade Shrestha, 2014, 鈥淎 Review of Numerical Simulation and Modeling of Combustion in Scramjets鈥, Journal of Aerospace Engineering, Proceeding of the Institute of Mechanical Engineers, Part G, First Published on line, June 30, 2014, pp: 0(0) 1-23, doi: 10.1177/0954410014541249.
  25. Sean Goudy, Iskender Sahin and S. O. Bade Shrestha, 2014, 鈥淢odeling of a Micro-Scale PEM Fuel Cell in the Slip Flow Regime鈥, International Journal of Engineering Science and Innovative Technology (IJESIT), Vol. 3, Issue 3, pp: 476-490.
  26. Daniel Swain and S. O. Bade Shrestha, 2014, 鈥淐ombustion Modeling of Landfill Gas Fueled Spark Ignition Engine Performance鈥, SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants, Vol. 7, Issue 1, SAE Paper # 2014-01-1471, doi:10.4271/2014-01-1471.
  27. Ryan J. Clark and S. O. Bade Shrestha, 2013, 鈥淩eview of Numerical Modeling and Simulation Results Pertaining to High-speed Combustion in Scramjets鈥, 49th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, San Jose, CA, Paper #: AIAA 2013-3724, pp: 1-23, July 14-17, 2013.
  28. Sazzad Hossain Ahmed, Xiaosong Kang, and S. O. Bade Shrestha, 2013, 鈥淗igh Capacity Lithium-ion Battery Performance Characterization for Automotive Applications鈥, 2nd Annual International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Environmental Sciences (SEES 2013) Proceedings, Singapore, pp: 67-71, February 25-26, 2013.
  29. Daniel Swain and S. O. Bade Shrestha, 2013, 鈥淟andfill Gas Fueled Spark Ignition Engine Performance Analysis鈥, 2nd Annual International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Environmental Sciences (SEES 2013) Proceedings, Singapore, pp: 72-79, February 25-26, 2013.
  30. Meszaros, M. T. and Bade Shrestha, S. O., 2011 鈥淢odelling of Green Electricity Effects on Oligopoly Market鈥, Journal of Power and Energy, Part A, Vol. 225, pp: 1007-1015.
  31. Bade Shrestha, S. O., and Sujith Mohan, 2011, 鈥淧erformance and Modeling of a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell鈥, World Congress on Engineering-2011, London, UK, Vol. 3, pp: 2417-22, July 6-8, 2011.
  32. M茅sz谩ros, M. T., Bade  Shrestha, S. O., and  Zhou, H., 2010, 鈥 Feed-in tariff and tradable green certificate in oligopoly鈥, Energy Policy, Vol. 38, pp: 4040-  4047.
  33. Sujith Mohan, and Bade Shrestha, S. O., 2010, 鈥淓valuation of the Performance Characteristics of a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell with Multi Fuels鈥, ASME Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology , Vol. 7, Issue 4, pp. 041018-5.
  34.  Sujith Mohan, and Bade Shrestha, S. O., 2010, 鈥淓valuation of the Performance Characteristics & Modelling of an Alkaline Fuel Cell鈥, ASME Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology, Vol. 7, Issue 4, pp. 041016-6.
  35. Sujith Mohan, and Bade Shrestha, S. O., 2009, 鈥淓xperimental Investigation of a Passive Direct Methanol Fuel Cell鈥, The Open Fuels and Energy Science Journal , Vol. 2, pp. 124-128.
  36. Narayanan, G., and Bade Shrestha, S. O., 2009, 鈥淎 Simulation Model of a Four-Stroke Spark Ignition Engine Fuelled with Landfill Gases and Hydrogen Mixtures鈥 ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology , Vol. 131, No. 3, pp. 0322031-38.
  37. Sujith Mohan, and Bade Shrestha, S. O., 2009, 鈥淓valuation of the Performance Characteristics of a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell with Multi Fuels鈥, Paper # FuelCell2009-85161, ASME Proceedings of Seventh International Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology Conference, Newport Beach, CA, June 8-10, 2009.
  38. Sujith Mohan, and Bade Shrestha, S. O., 2009, 鈥淓valuation of the Performance Characteristics & Modelling of an Alkaline Fuel Cell鈥, Paper # FuelCell2009-85158, ASME Proceedings of Seventh International Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology Conference, Newport Beach, CA, June 8-10, 2009.
  39.  Ale, B. B. and Bade Shrestha, S. O., 2009, 鈥淓xperimental Study on Performance Characteristics of A PEM Fuel Cell鈥, Journal of Institute of Engineering, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 31-39.
  40. Bade Shrestha, S. O., Wierzba, I, and Karim, G. A., 2009, 鈥淧rediction of the Extent of Diluents Concentrations in Flammability Limited Gaseous Fuel-Diluent Mixtures in Air鈥, Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 29 (2009), pp 2574-2578.
  41. Ale, B. B., and Bade Shrestha, S. O., 2009, 鈥淚ntroduction of Hydrogen Vehicles in Kathmandu Valley: A Clean and Sustainable Way of Transportation鈥, Renewable Energy, Vol. 34, Issue 6, pp 1432-1437.
  42. Bade Shrestha, S. O. and Narayanan, G., 2008, 鈥淟andfill Gas with Hydrogen Addition 鈥 A Fuel for SI Engines鈥, Journal 鈥滷uel鈥, Vol. 87, Issues 17-18, pp 3616-3626.
  43. Bade Shrestha, S. O. and Ale, B. B., 2008, 鈥淗ydrogen Energy Potential of Nepal鈥, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 33. Issue 15, pp 4030-4039.
  44. Bade Shrestha, S. O. and Rodrigues, R., 2008, 鈥淓ffects of Diluents on Knock Rating of Gaseous Fuels鈥, Journal of Power and Energy, Part A, Vol. 222, No. A6, pp 587-597.
  45. Sean Goudy, S. O. Bade Shrestha, and Iskender Sahin, 2008, 鈥1-D Computational Model of a PEM Fuel Cell Using Reaction Rate Law Kinetics to Model the Consumption of Hydrogen at the Anode鈥, Paper #, 2008-65118, ASME Proceedings of Sixth International Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology Conference, Denver, CO, June 16-18, 2008.
  46. Bade Shrestha, S. O., and Narayanan, G., 2008, 鈥淗ydrogen as a Combustion Enhancer to Landfill Gas Utilization in Spark Ignition Engines鈥, SAE Paper No. 2008-01-1040,Hydrogen IC Engines (SP-2186).
  47. Guruprasath Narayanan and S. O. Bade Shrestha, 2007, 鈥淎 Simulation Model of a Spark Ignition Engine Fueled with Landfill Gases鈥, ICEF2007-1618, ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference, Charleston, SC, October 14-17, 2007.
  48. Guruprasath Narayanan and S. O. Bade Shrestha, 2007, 鈥淟andfill Gas 鈥 A Fuel for IC Engine Applications鈥, ICEF2007-1623, ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference, Charleston, SC, October 14-17, 2007.
  49. S. O. Bade Shrestha, I. Wierzba and G. A. Karim, 2007, 鈥淎 Method for Predicting the Maximum Concentration of the Diluent in Flammability Limited Fuel-Diluent Mixtures in Air鈥, 5th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics, and Thermodynamics, Sun City, South Africa, July 1-4, 2007.
  50. Guruprasath Narayanan and Bade Shrestha, S. O., 2006, 鈥淗ydrogen as an Additive to Landfill Gas Utilization in Spark Ignition Engines鈥, First National Conference on Renewable Energy Technology for Rural Development (RETRUD-06), Kathmandu, Nepal, October 12-14, 2006.
  51. Guruprasath Narayanan and Bade Shrestha, S. O., 2006, 鈥淭he Performance of a Spark Ignition Engine Fueled with Landfill Gases鈥, SAE Paper No. 2006-01-3428, Powertrain & Fluid Systems Conference and Exhibitions, October 16-19, 2006.
  52. R. Rodrigues and Bade Shrestha, S. O., 2006, 鈥淜nock Rating of Gaseous Fuels in the Presence of Diluents鈥, SAE Paper No. 2006-01-3429, Powertrain & Fluid Systems Conference and Exhibitions, October 16-19, 2006.
  53. Bade Shrestha, S. O., and Karim, G. A., 2006, 鈥淭he Operational Mixture Limits in Engines Fuelled by Alternative Gaseous Fuels鈥 ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol. 128, No. 3, pp223-228.
  54. Bade Shrestha, S. O., and Karim, G. A., 2005, 鈥淭he Operational Mixture Limits in Engines Fuelled with Alternative Gaseous Fuels鈥, ICES2005-1087, ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division, Spring Technical Conference, Chicago, IL, April 5-7, 2005.
  55. Bade Shrestha, S. O., and Karim, G. A., 2003, 鈥淎n Approach for Predicting the Operational Limits in IC Engines Fueled by Alternative Fuels鈥, Second International Conference on Renewable Energy Technology for Rural Development, October 12 鈥14, Institute of Engineering, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal.
  56. Bade Shrestha, S. O., and Karim, G. A., 2001, 鈥淐onsidering the Effects of Cyclic Variations When Modeling the Performance of a Spark Ignition Engine鈥, SAE Paper No. 2001-01-3600,Modelling Techniques for Diesel and SI Engines (SP-1648)
  57. Bade Shrestha, S. O. and Karim, G. A., 2001, 鈥淧redicting the effects of the presence of diluents with methane on spark ignition engine performance鈥, Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 21 (2001), pp 331-342.
  58. Bade Shrestha, S. O. and Karim, G. A., 2001 鈥 An Experimental and Analytical Examination of the Combustion Period for Gas Fuelled Spark Ignition Engine Applications鈥, Journal of Power and Energy, Vol. 215 No. A1, London, UK.
  59. Newsom, J., Newman, P. and Bade Shrestha, S. O., 2000, 鈥淎dvantages of Diesel Pilot Natural Gas Compression Ignition Engines鈥, 7th International Conference and Exhibition on Natural Gas Vehicles, Yokohama, Japan, October 17-19, 2000.
  60. Bade Shrestha, S. O., LeBlanc, G., Balan, G., and de Souza, M., 2000, 鈥淎 Before Treatment Method for Reduction of Emissions in Diesel Engines鈥, SAE Paper No. 2000-01-2791, Combustion and Emissions Formation in Diesel Engines (SP-1562).
  61. Bade Shrestha, S. O., Karim, G. A. and Wierzba, I, 2000, 鈥淓xamination of Operational Limits in Gas Fueled Spark Ignition Engines鈥, SAE Paper No. 2000-01-1944, Combustion in SI Engines 2000 (SP-1549).
  62. Bade Shrestha, S. O. and Karim, G. A., 2000, 鈥淥perational Limits in a Spark Ignition Engine鈥, ASME International 2000 Fall Technical Conference, Peoria, IL, September 24-27, 2000.
  63. Bade Shrestha, S. O. and Karim, G. A., 1999, 鈥淎n Investigation of the Effects of the Addition of Dissociated Water Products to a Gas Fueled Spark Ignition Engine鈥, SAE Paper No. 1999-01-3516, Alternative Fuels 1999 (SP-1482).
  64. Bade Shrestha, S. O. and Karim, G. A., 1999, 鈥淎 Predictive Model for Gas Fueled Spark Ignition Engine Applications鈥, SAE Paper No. 1999-01-3482,  Modelling  and Diagnostics in SI Engines (SP-1481).
  65. Bade Shrestha, S. O. and Karim, G. A., 1999, 鈥淗ydrogen as Additive to Methane for Sparking Ignition Engine Applications鈥, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 24, No. 6, pp 577-586.
  66. Bade Shrestha, S. O., Alizadeh Attar, A. and Karim, G. A.,  1999, 鈥淭he Knock Rating of Gaseous Fuels for SI Engine Applications鈥, HYPOTHESIS III (Hydrogen Power, Theoretical and Engineering Solutions, International Symposium), St. Peterburg, Russia, July 5-8, pp 66.
  67. Bade Shrestha, S. O. and Karim, G. A., 1999, 鈥淓xperimental and Analytical Examination of the Combustion Period in a Spark Ignition Engine Fueled with Gaseous Fuels and Their Mixtures鈥, Proc. of the Combustion Institute (Canadian Section), 1999 Spring Technical Meeting, Edmonton, AB, May 16-19.
  68. Bade Shrestha, S. O. and Karim, G. A., 1997, 鈥淗ydrogen as Additive to Methane for Sparking Ignition Engine Applications鈥, HYPOTHESIS II (Hydrogen Power, Theoretical and Engineering Solutions, International Symposium), Grimstad, Norway, August 18-22, pp 55-61.
  69. Bade Shrestha, S. O. and Karim, G. A., 1997, 鈥淗ydrogen as Additive to Methane for Spark Ignition Engine Applications鈥, Proceedings of the Thirty-Second Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference, Honolulu, Vol. 2, pp 910-915.
  70. Wierzba, I., Bade Shrestha, S. O. and Karim, G. A., 1996, 鈥淎n Approach for Predicting the Flammability Limits of Fuel-Diluent Mixtures in Air鈥, Journal of the Institute of Energy, London, U. K., September, 1996, pp 122-130.
  71. Bade Shrestha, S. O., Wierzba, I. and Karim, G. A., 1996, 鈥淎n Approach for Predicting the Flammability Limits of Fuel-Diluent Mixtures in Air鈥, Proceedings of the first Trabzon International Energy and Environment Symposium, July 29-31,  Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey, pp 871-876.
  72. Bade Shrestha, S. O., Wierzba, I. and Karim, G. A., 1996, 鈥淎n Approach for Predicting the Flammability Limits of Fuel-Diluent Mixtures in Air鈥, Combustion Canada '96 Conference, Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology (CANMET), Ottawa, Canada, June 5-7.
  73. Bade Shrestha, S. O., Wierzba, I. and Karim, G. A., 1995, 鈥淎 Thermodynamic Analysis of the Rich Flammability Limits of Fuel-Diluent Mixtures in Air鈥, Transactions of the ASME/Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol. 117, pp 239-242.
  74. Bade Shrestha, S. O., Wierzba, I. and Karim, G. A., 1994, 鈥淎 Thermodynamic Analysis of the Lean Flammability Limits of Fuel-Diluent Mixtures in Air鈥, Transactions of the ASME/Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol. 116, No.3, pp 181-185.
  75. Bade Shrestha, S. O., Wierzba, I. and Karim, G. A., 1994, 鈥淎 Thermodynamic Analysis of the Rich Flammability Limits of Fuel-Diluent Mixtures in Air鈥,  Proc. of ASME/ETCE Emerging Energy Technology Symposium, New Orleans, LA, pp 95-100.
  76. Bade Shrestha, S. O., Wierzba, I. and Karim, G. A., 1993, 鈥淎 Thermodynamic Analysis of the Rich Flammability Limits of Fuel-Diluent Mixtures in Air鈥, Proc. 2nd Asian Pacific International Symposium on Combustion and Energy Utilization, Beijing, P. R. C., October 15-18, pp 29-33.
  77. Bade Shrestha, S. O., Wierzba, I. and Karim, G. A., 1993, 鈥淎 Thermodynamic Analysis of the Lean Flammability Limits of Fuel-Diluent Mixtures in Air鈥, Proceedings of the ASME/ETCE Conference, Houston, Texas and Published in Emerging Energy Technology, pp 41-47.
  78. Bade Shrestha, S. O. and Wierzba, I., 1992, 鈥淭hermodynamic Analysis of the Rich Flammability Limits of Fuel-Diluent Mixtures in Air鈥, Proc. of the Combustion Institute (Canadian Section), 1992 Spring Technical Meeting, May 11-13, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, p 86.